A model for the assembly map of bordism-invariant functors

 The paper "A model for the assembly map of bordism-invariant functors" by Levin, Nocera, and Saunier (2025) develops advanced categorical frameworks for algebraic topology, particularly through oplax colimits of stable/hermitian/Poincaré categories and bordism-invariant functors123. While not directly addressing machine learning (ML) or large language models (LLMs), its contributions could indirectly influence these fields through three key pathways:

1. Enhanced Categorical Frameworks for ML

The paper's formalization of oplax colimits and Poincaré-Verdier localizing invariants13 provides new mathematical tools for structuring compositional systems. This could advance:

• Model Architecture Design: By abstracting relationships between components (e.g., neural network layers) as bordism-invariant functors, enabling more rigorous analysis of model behavior under transformations5.

• Geometric Deep Learning: Topological invariants and assembly maps could refine methods for learning on non-Euclidean data (e.g., graphs, manifolds) by encoding persistence of features under deformations5.

2. Invariance Learning and Equivalence

The bordism-invariance concept—where structures remain unchanged under continuous deformations—offers a mathematical foundation for invariance principles in ML:

• Data Augmentation: Formalizing "bordism equivalence" could guide the design of augmentation strategies that preserve semantic content (e.g., image rotations as "topological bordisms")5.

• Robust Feature Extraction: Kernels of Verdier projections13 might model noise subspaces to exclude during feature learning, improving adversarial robustness.

3. LLMs for Structured Reasoning

The paper’s explicit decomposition of complex functors (e.g., Shaneson splittings with twists13) parallels challenges in LLM-based reasoning:

• Program Invariant Prediction: LLMs that infer program invariants6 could adopt categorical decompositions to handle twisted or hierarchical constraints (e.g., loop invariants in code).

• Categorical Data Embeddings: LLM-generated numerical representations of categorical data4 might leverage bordism-invariance to ensure embeddings respect equivalence classes (e.g., "color" as a deformation-invariant attribute).

Limitations and Future Directions

The work is highly theoretical, with no direct ML/LLM applications in the paper. Bridging this gap requires:

• Translating topological bordisms into data-augmentation pipelines.

• Implementing Poincaré-Verdier invariants as regularization terms in loss functions.

• Extending LLM-based invariant predictors6 to handle categorical assembly maps.

While speculative, these connections highlight how advanced category theory could enrich ML’s theoretical foundations and LLMs’ reasoning capabilities.

1. https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.05238
2. https://arxiv.org/pdf/2506.05238.pdf
3. https://www.arxiv.org/pdf/2506.05238.pdf
4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39348252/
5. https://www.aimodels.fyi/papers/arxiv/category-theoretical-topos-theoretical-frameworks-machine-learning
6. https://openreview.net/pdf?id=mXv2aVqUGG
7. https://x.com/CTpreprintBot
8. https://keik.org/profile/mathat-bot.bsky.social
9. https://www.alphaxiv.org/abs/2506.05238
10. https://publications.mfo.de/bitstream/handle/mfo/4263/OWR_2024_47.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
11. https://x.com/CTpreprintBot/status/1930943445977518380
12. https://www.themoonlight.io/en/review/a-model-for-the-assembly-map-of-bordism-invariant-functors
13. https://library.slmath.org/books/Book69/files/wholebook.pdf
14. https://www.reed.edu/math-stats/thesis.html
15. https://math.mit.edu/events/talbot/2020/syllabus2020.pdf
16. https://webhomes.maths.ed.ac.uk/~v1ranick/papers/quinnass.pdf
17. https://msp.org/agt/2009/9-4/agt-v9-n4-p16-s.pdf
18. https://webhomes.maths.ed.ac.uk/~v1ranick/papers/owsem.pdf