Aging Biology Update is brought to you by the UAB Nathan Shock Center and was compiled by Jessica M. Hoffman, Steven N. Austad, and Heather K. Patterson.
Featured
- Adults in U.S. South die 3-4 years earlier.
- Women live longer than men even under severe famines and epidemics.
- Do naked mole rats defy Gompertzian laws of aging?
Headline vs Study
- Headline: Scientists discover molecule that could reverse cellular aging.
- Study: Silencing of the lncRNA Zeb2-NAT facilitates reprogramming of aged fibroblasts and safeguards stem cell pluripotency.
Contrary or Null Findings
- Rapamycin supplementation decreases lifespan of long lived growth hormone receptor knock out mice.
- Solanezumab fails to improve cognitive decline in mild Alzheimer’s dementia.
- Circulating IGF-1 levels not associated with Alzheimer’s disease risk.
- Resveratrol fails to extend on life or health in Drosophila.
- Middle-aged HIV positive individuals on antiretroviral therapy show no increased rates of brain aging.
Energetics/Nutrition
- Low protein and high carbohydrate diets are associated with metabolic syndrome in elderly women.
- Expression of methionine sulfoxide reductase extends Drosophila lifespan in a methionine-dependent manner.
- High soybean and isoflavone intake is associated with reduced risk of cognitive impairment.
- Review: Dietary amino acids and healthy aging: lessons from animal nutritionists.
Basic Biology
- The molecular structures of fibroblast growth factors interacting with the aging related proteins -klotho and -klotho.
- Novel SNPs associated with male longevity.
- Deletion of Nrip1 extends female, but not male, mice longevity.
- Overexpression of mitochondrial sirtuin Sirt4 extends life in Drosophila.
- mTOR inhibition protects the blood-brain barrier in mouse models of dementia.
- A pharmaceutical rapalog reduces age- related kidney changes in old rats.
- Transcriptomic aging of mouse astrocytes are brain region specific.
- Supplementation of Torin1 extends life with no fertility reduction in Drosophila.
- Reduction in microRNA-305 extends Drosophila life.
- Telomere length in developmental programming.
- Review: Biology of premature aging in cancer survivors.
- Review: DNA modification in aging research.
- Review: Epigenetics in aging and neurodegenerative disorders.
Ecology & Evolution
- Environmental stress shapes the temporal pattern of investment in reproduction and survival in captive zebra finches.
- Early-life environment affects lifetime fitness in bighorn ewes.
- Fertility trade-offs in male zebrafish with age.
Novel Organisms/Comparative
- Strong social relationships are associated with decreased longevity in the yellow-bellied marmot.
- Life- extending drugs in rotifers.
- More rotifers: Chronic calorie restriction modifies lipid metabolism while decreasing reproduction and increasing lifespan.
- Global protein turnover rate is negatively associated with maximum lifespan across species.
- Meta-analysis: telomere length and mortality in wild bird populations.
- Microbiome diversity changes little with age in a long-lived bat.
- The aging immune system of the cotton rat.
- Long-term hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell output impaired in aged macaques.
- Review: Chronic kidney disease and age associated complications: Insights from the animal kingdom.
- Review: The Chinese tree shrew as a model of Alzheimer’s disease.
- Review: Autophagy in animals, plants, and fungi.
Epidemiology/Demography
- Cancer mortality rates declined 1.5% a year from 2006-2015.
- Among the wealthiest countries, the United States has the highest infant and child mortality rates.
- The effect of temperature on years of life lost across the globe.
- Inverse association between female mortality at ages 45-49 and life expectancy at 60 in three countries.
Policy/Ethics
Clinical
- Up to 75% of nursing home residents may be given potentially inappropriate medications.
- Hypertensive African American men on medication have reduced risk of dementia.
- Interactions between drugs and geriatric syndromes are common in long-term care patients.
- Predicting survival of the elderly based on glomerular filtration rates.
- Preclinical Alzheimer’s disease is associated with circadian rhythm dysfunction.
Care-giving
Commentary
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